Common Proficiency Course (CPC) Registration date Extended upto 9th April, 2012
| Important Announcement | ||
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| Sub: Further extension of Common Proficiency Course (CPC) registration date upto 9th April, 2012 | ||
In continuation of earlier announcement dated January 5, 2012, it is hereby informed that due to the closure of Banks on account of yearly closing and subsequent public holidays on 5th April, 2012 (Mahavir Jayanti) and 6th April, 2012 (Good Friday), the last date for registration for Common Proficiency Course (CPC) shall be 9th April, 2012 for being eligible to appear in the Common Proficiency Test (CPT) to be held in June, 2012. Accordingly, students can submit the application form for registration for CPC upto 9th April, 2012 for the June, 2012 - Common Proficiency Test. | ||
| Director, Board of Studies |
What is the Credit Note and Debit Note and when to use it ?
A Credit Note or Credit Memo is a document used to adjust or rectify errors made in a sales invoice which has already been processed and sent to a customer. If you have already sent an invoice to a customer but now need to provide a credit for that invoice, you would send them a Credit Note or Credit Memo. You can think of a credit note as a "negative invoice."
Some examples of when you would use a Credit Note
* Unit price overcharged or over-billed : For example you issued an invoice for an item for $1100 when the correct price of the item should have been $1010 instead. Therefore you need to issue Credit Note to give a credit of $90 to your customer for the amount over-billed.
* Goods short shipped : You invoiced a customer for 10 units of your product but only shipped 9 units to them by mistake. The customer then calls you to say that 9 units are okay and does not want the shortfall item at the moment. Therefore you need to issue a Credit Note to credit your customer for the shortfall quantity of 1 unit.
* Faulty goods returned or goods rejected by customer. You would issue a credit note for the goods returned to correct your Accounts Receivable and Inventory.
* Product Wrongly Shipped : You wrongly invoiced and shipped Product A when the customer actually ordered Product B which may or may not be at a different price. To rectify this, you would then ship Product B together with a Credit Note for Product A and another invoice for product B. This will restore the inventory and Accounts Receivable in your books while billing the customer for the correct item and amount. Meanwhile the customer returns the incorrect Product A.
* Discounts given after the invoice is issued: You sent an invoice for $1100. The customer then calls you asking for a discount and ask you to waive the $100 making the net invoice amount $1000. You agree to this in good faith. You would then issue a credit note for $100 to this customer to adjust for the discount given.
* To Write-off Customer Short Payments : You send an invoice for say $2010. The customer sends you a short payment of $2000 only. You do not wish to recover the shortfall amount but your books indicate that $10 is still owing on this invoice. You can then issue a credit note of $10 to write-off the shortfall amount.
How To Write A Credit Note And What To Include On It
Basically it is the reverse of the Sales Invoice. You can divide the Credit Note into 3 main parts : The Header, Body and Footer.
1. Credit Note Header (Top Part)
* Your letterhead : Your business name, address, telephone & e-mail and web address if available. In some countries, you must also included your business registration and Goods & Services Tax number .
* The words "Credit Note " clearly written towards the top of the page. If your registered to bill and collect tax, you may also need to include your Tax Registration number. This can usually be indicated just below the words "Credit Note" .
* A Credit Note Number. This a running serial number that you maintain. You should only have one number per credit note issued. Hence, no 2 credit notes should have the same number.
* Credit Note date.
* Your payment terms, normally you should follow the term given under the sales invoices E.g. "COD", "Cash", "30 days" etc.
* Your customer's reference number if any.
* Your own reference no, e.g.. the sale invoice no. that this credit note is for.
* Your customer or client name and address.
2. Credit Note Body (Middle Part)
* A description of why this credit note is being issued. Start by indicating which invoice number you are referring to. Then clearly indicate relevant information like pricing error, quantity or products type wrongly shipped. Show the correct pricing, quantity and product type. Eventually, the net amount should be the credit to be given to your customer to adjust the original invoice amount.
3. Credit Note Footer (Bottom)
* Total Amount of all individual items
* If applicable, a tax amount and total after tax.
* Other comments you may have. For example, to deduct this credit note in your next payment cycle.
Some examples of when you would use a Credit Note
* Unit price overcharged or over-billed : For example you issued an invoice for an item for $1100 when the correct price of the item should have been $1010 instead. Therefore you need to issue Credit Note to give a credit of $90 to your customer for the amount over-billed.
* Goods short shipped : You invoiced a customer for 10 units of your product but only shipped 9 units to them by mistake. The customer then calls you to say that 9 units are okay and does not want the shortfall item at the moment. Therefore you need to issue a Credit Note to credit your customer for the shortfall quantity of 1 unit.
* Faulty goods returned or goods rejected by customer. You would issue a credit note for the goods returned to correct your Accounts Receivable and Inventory.
* Product Wrongly Shipped : You wrongly invoiced and shipped Product A when the customer actually ordered Product B which may or may not be at a different price. To rectify this, you would then ship Product B together with a Credit Note for Product A and another invoice for product B. This will restore the inventory and Accounts Receivable in your books while billing the customer for the correct item and amount. Meanwhile the customer returns the incorrect Product A.
* Discounts given after the invoice is issued: You sent an invoice for $1100. The customer then calls you asking for a discount and ask you to waive the $100 making the net invoice amount $1000. You agree to this in good faith. You would then issue a credit note for $100 to this customer to adjust for the discount given.
* To Write-off Customer Short Payments : You send an invoice for say $2010. The customer sends you a short payment of $2000 only. You do not wish to recover the shortfall amount but your books indicate that $10 is still owing on this invoice. You can then issue a credit note of $10 to write-off the shortfall amount.
How To Write A Credit Note And What To Include On It
Basically it is the reverse of the Sales Invoice. You can divide the Credit Note into 3 main parts : The Header, Body and Footer.
1. Credit Note Header (Top Part)
* Your letterhead : Your business name, address, telephone & e-mail and web address if available. In some countries, you must also included your business registration and Goods & Services Tax number .
* The words "Credit Note " clearly written towards the top of the page. If your registered to bill and collect tax, you may also need to include your Tax Registration number. This can usually be indicated just below the words "Credit Note" .
* A Credit Note Number. This a running serial number that you maintain. You should only have one number per credit note issued. Hence, no 2 credit notes should have the same number.
* Credit Note date.
* Your payment terms, normally you should follow the term given under the sales invoices E.g. "COD", "Cash", "30 days" etc.
* Your customer's reference number if any.
* Your own reference no, e.g.. the sale invoice no. that this credit note is for.
* Your customer or client name and address.
2. Credit Note Body (Middle Part)
* A description of why this credit note is being issued. Start by indicating which invoice number you are referring to. Then clearly indicate relevant information like pricing error, quantity or products type wrongly shipped. Show the correct pricing, quantity and product type. Eventually, the net amount should be the credit to be given to your customer to adjust the original invoice amount.
3. Credit Note Footer (Bottom)
* Total Amount of all individual items
* If applicable, a tax amount and total after tax.
* Other comments you may have. For example, to deduct this credit note in your next payment cycle.
Debit Note or Debit Memo is a document used by a purchaser to inform a vendor of the quantity and dollar amount of goods being returned, and requesting that the dollar amount be returned to the purchaser. A debit note is often used to return goods on credit. The vendor then issues a credit note to the purchaser indicating that the goods have been received, and that the purchaser will not have to pay for them
Debit notes are generally used in business-to-business transactions. Such transactions often involve an extension of credit, meaning that a vendor would send a shipment of goods to a company before the goods have been paid for. Although real goods are changing hands, until an actual invoice is issued, real money is not. Rather, debits and credits are being logged in an accounting system to keep track of inventories shipped and payments owed.
Summary of economic survery
Survey Pegs GDP Growth At 6.9% in 2011-12 Outlook Brighter for Next Fiscals
Indian economy is estimated to grow by 6.9% in 2011-12 mainly due to weakening industrial growth. This indicates a slowdown compared not just to the previous two years, when the economy grew by 8.4%, but also from 2003 to 2011, except 2008-9 economic downturn, when the growth rate was 6.7 percent. The Economic Survey 2011-12, presented by the Finance Minister, Sh Pranab Mukherjee in the Lok Sabha, however predicts 7.6% GDP growth in 2012-13 and 8.6% in 2013-14. With agriculture and services continuing to perform well, the slowdown can be attributed almost entirely to weakening industrial growth. The services sector continues to be a star performer as its share in GDP has climbed from 58% in 2010-11 to 59% in 2011-12 with a growth rate of 9.4%. Similarly, agriculture and allied sectors are estimated to achieve a growth rate of 2.5% in 2011-12 with foodgrains production likely to cross 250.42 million tonnes owing to increase in the production of rice in some States. The industrial sector has performed poorly, retreating to a 27% share of the GDP. Overall growth during April-December 2011 reached 3.6% compared to 8.3% in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Survey points out that inflation as measured by the wholesale price index (WPI) was high during most of the current fiscal year, though by year end there has been a clear slowdown in price rise. Food inflation, in particular, has come down significantly, with most of the remaining WPI inflation being driven by non-food manufacturing products.
Monetary policy was tightened by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to control inflation and curb inflationary expectations. The growth rate of investment in the economy is estimated to have registered a significant decline during the current year. The year witnessed a sharp increase in interest rates that resulted in higher costs of borrowings; and other rising costs affecting profitability and, thereby, internal accruals that could be used to finance investment.
But despite the low growth figure of 6.9%, India remains one of the fastest growing economies of the world as all major countries including the fast growing emerging economies are seeing a significant slowdown. The global economic environment which was tenuous at best throughout the year, turned sharply adverse in September, 2011, owing to the turmoil in the euro-zone countries and questions about others, reflected in
sharp ratings downgrades of sovereign debt in most major advanced countries. While a large part of the reason for the slowing of the Indian economy can be attributed to global factors, domestic factors also played role. Among these are the tightening of monetary policy owing to high and persistent headline inflation and slowing investment and industrial activity. However, for the Indian economy, the outlook for growth and price stability at this juncture looks more promising. There are signs from some high frequency indicators that the weakness in economic activity has bottomed out and a gradual
upswing is imminent. The Economic Survey expects the growth rate of real GDP to pick up to 7.6% in 2012-13 and faster beyond that. The main reason for a gradual recovery is the decline in overall investment rate. Gross capital formation during the third quarter of 2011-12 as a ratio of GDP was at 30%, down from 32% one year ago. As fiscal consolidation gets back to track, savings and capital formation should begin to rise; moreover, with the easing of inflationary pressures in the months to come, there could be a reduction in policy rates by RBI, which should encourage investment activity and have
a positive impact on growth. Preliminary calculations suggest that the growth rate of GDP in 2013-14 will be 8.6%. These projections are based on assumptions regarding factors like normal monsoons, reasonably stable international prices, particularly oil prices, and global growth somewhere between where it now stands and 0.5% higher .The Global economy remains quite fragile and concerted efforts will be needed through G-20
and other forums to restore stability and renewed growth, including addressing the sovereign debt crisis, financial regulation, growth and job creation efforts and energy security. The Economic Survey suggests that the progressive deregulation of interest rates on savings accounts will help raise financial savings and improve transmission of monetary policy. Other key areas include the deepening of domestic financial markets, especially
corporate bond market and attracting longer-term inflows from abroad. Efforts at attracting dedicated infrastructure funds have begun. India’s foreign trade performance will remain a key driver of growth. During the first half of 2011-12, India’s export growth was a high 40.5%, but has been decelerating since. Imports have growth rapidly, by 30.4% during 2011-12 (April-December). Similarly, country’s Balance of Payments has widened to $ 32.8 billion in the first half of 2011-12, compared to $29.6 billion during the corresponding period of 2010-11. The foreign exchange reserves increased from US $ 279 billion at end March 2010 to US $ 305 billion at end March 2011. Reserves varied from an all-time peak of US$ 322.2 billion at end August, 2011 and a low of US $ 292.8 billion at end-January, 2012.
The Survey recognizes that sustainable development and climate change are becoming central areas of global concern and India too is equally concerned and engaged constructively in global negotiations. Climate change challenges ahead are large and India is doing more than its fair share in reducing its energy-intensity of growth. India is now much more closely integrated with the world economy as its share of trade to GDP of goods and services has tripled between 1990-2010. At the same time, the extent of financial integration, measured by flows of capital as a share of GDP, has also increased dramatically and the role of India in the world economy has commensurately expanded, along with the other major members of emerging markets.
DSM-RM-SNC-DT
(Release ID :80972)
To Downlaod This Article Click here
This Article has been Authored By CA Sumit Vasudev. He Can be Reached at: sumitvasudev1987@gmail.com
Indian economy is estimated to grow by 6.9% in 2011-12 mainly due to weakening industrial growth. This indicates a slowdown compared not just to the previous two years, when the economy grew by 8.4%, but also from 2003 to 2011, except 2008-9 economic downturn, when the growth rate was 6.7 percent. The Economic Survey 2011-12, presented by the Finance Minister, Sh Pranab Mukherjee in the Lok Sabha, however predicts 7.6% GDP growth in 2012-13 and 8.6% in 2013-14. With agriculture and services continuing to perform well, the slowdown can be attributed almost entirely to weakening industrial growth. The services sector continues to be a star performer as its share in GDP has climbed from 58% in 2010-11 to 59% in 2011-12 with a growth rate of 9.4%. Similarly, agriculture and allied sectors are estimated to achieve a growth rate of 2.5% in 2011-12 with foodgrains production likely to cross 250.42 million tonnes owing to increase in the production of rice in some States. The industrial sector has performed poorly, retreating to a 27% share of the GDP. Overall growth during April-December 2011 reached 3.6% compared to 8.3% in the corresponding period of the previous year.
The Survey points out that inflation as measured by the wholesale price index (WPI) was high during most of the current fiscal year, though by year end there has been a clear slowdown in price rise. Food inflation, in particular, has come down significantly, with most of the remaining WPI inflation being driven by non-food manufacturing products.
Monetary policy was tightened by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to control inflation and curb inflationary expectations. The growth rate of investment in the economy is estimated to have registered a significant decline during the current year. The year witnessed a sharp increase in interest rates that resulted in higher costs of borrowings; and other rising costs affecting profitability and, thereby, internal accruals that could be used to finance investment.
But despite the low growth figure of 6.9%, India remains one of the fastest growing economies of the world as all major countries including the fast growing emerging economies are seeing a significant slowdown. The global economic environment which was tenuous at best throughout the year, turned sharply adverse in September, 2011, owing to the turmoil in the euro-zone countries and questions about others, reflected in
sharp ratings downgrades of sovereign debt in most major advanced countries. While a large part of the reason for the slowing of the Indian economy can be attributed to global factors, domestic factors also played role. Among these are the tightening of monetary policy owing to high and persistent headline inflation and slowing investment and industrial activity. However, for the Indian economy, the outlook for growth and price stability at this juncture looks more promising. There are signs from some high frequency indicators that the weakness in economic activity has bottomed out and a gradual
upswing is imminent. The Economic Survey expects the growth rate of real GDP to pick up to 7.6% in 2012-13 and faster beyond that. The main reason for a gradual recovery is the decline in overall investment rate. Gross capital formation during the third quarter of 2011-12 as a ratio of GDP was at 30%, down from 32% one year ago. As fiscal consolidation gets back to track, savings and capital formation should begin to rise; moreover, with the easing of inflationary pressures in the months to come, there could be a reduction in policy rates by RBI, which should encourage investment activity and have
a positive impact on growth. Preliminary calculations suggest that the growth rate of GDP in 2013-14 will be 8.6%. These projections are based on assumptions regarding factors like normal monsoons, reasonably stable international prices, particularly oil prices, and global growth somewhere between where it now stands and 0.5% higher .The Global economy remains quite fragile and concerted efforts will be needed through G-20
and other forums to restore stability and renewed growth, including addressing the sovereign debt crisis, financial regulation, growth and job creation efforts and energy security. The Economic Survey suggests that the progressive deregulation of interest rates on savings accounts will help raise financial savings and improve transmission of monetary policy. Other key areas include the deepening of domestic financial markets, especially
corporate bond market and attracting longer-term inflows from abroad. Efforts at attracting dedicated infrastructure funds have begun. India’s foreign trade performance will remain a key driver of growth. During the first half of 2011-12, India’s export growth was a high 40.5%, but has been decelerating since. Imports have growth rapidly, by 30.4% during 2011-12 (April-December). Similarly, country’s Balance of Payments has widened to $ 32.8 billion in the first half of 2011-12, compared to $29.6 billion during the corresponding period of 2010-11. The foreign exchange reserves increased from US $ 279 billion at end March 2010 to US $ 305 billion at end March 2011. Reserves varied from an all-time peak of US$ 322.2 billion at end August, 2011 and a low of US $ 292.8 billion at end-January, 2012.
The Survey recognizes that sustainable development and climate change are becoming central areas of global concern and India too is equally concerned and engaged constructively in global negotiations. Climate change challenges ahead are large and India is doing more than its fair share in reducing its energy-intensity of growth. India is now much more closely integrated with the world economy as its share of trade to GDP of goods and services has tripled between 1990-2010. At the same time, the extent of financial integration, measured by flows of capital as a share of GDP, has also increased dramatically and the role of India in the world economy has commensurately expanded, along with the other major members of emerging markets.
DSM-RM-SNC-DT
(Release ID :80972)
To Downlaod This Article Click here
This Article has been Authored By CA Sumit Vasudev. He Can be Reached at: sumitvasudev1987@gmail.com
Income Tax Return Form for A.Y 2011-12
| Individuals, HUF | |
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| Which Form is Applicable | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Firms/AoPs/BoI | |
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| Which Form is Applicable | ||||||||||||||
Download Return Preparation Software
Checklist of documents
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| Companies | |
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| Which Form is Applicable | ||||||||||||||
Download Return Preparation Software
Checklist of documents
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| Utilities | |
| Trusts |
Filing of Income Tax returns is a legal obligation of every Trust whose total income for the previous year has exceeded the maximum amount that is not chargeable for income tax under the provisions of the I.T Act, 1961. Income Tax Department has introduced a convenient way to file these returns online using the Internet. Every new user has to register at this website in order to avail the e-Filing facility. After completing the registration process and logging in, the user may download the software tools from the download section. Based on all the relevant information the required ITR Form should be filled using the software provided. The software would generate the XML format of the return which should be uploaded on this website. On successful transmission of the return a receipt will be generated in the form of a provisional acknowledgement. |
| Which Form is Applicable | |||
Checklist of documents
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| Utilities | |
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